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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑rnaltam | om saβə̑rnalt |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rnaltat | ot saβə̑rnalt |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rnalteš | ok/ogeš saβə̑rnalt |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑na | ona/ogə̑na saβə̑rnalt |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑da | oda/ogə̑da saβə̑rnalt |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑t | ogə̑t saβə̑rnalt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑rnaltə̑m | šə̑m saβə̑rnalt |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rnaltə̑č́ | šə̑č́ saβə̑rnalt |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rnalte | ə̑š saβə̑rnalt |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rnaltna | ə̑šna saβə̑rnalt |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rnaltda | ə̑šda saβə̑rnalt |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑č́ | ə̑št saβə̑rnalt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑rnaltə̑nam | saβə̑rnaltə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rnaltə̑nat | saβə̑rnaltə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rnaltə̑n | saβə̑rnaltə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑nna | saβə̑rnaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑nda | saβə̑rnaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑nə̑t | saβə̑rnaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑rnaltam ə̑l'e | om saβə̑rnalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rnaltat ə̑l'e | ot saβə̑rnalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rnalteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš saβə̑rnalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na saβə̑rnalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da saβə̑rnalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t saβə̑rnalt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑rnaltam ulmaš | om saβə̑rnalt ulmaš |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rnaltat ulmaš | ot saβə̑rnalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rnalteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš saβə̑rnalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na saβə̑rnalt ulmaš |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da saβə̑rnalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t saβə̑rnalt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑rnaltə̑nam ə̑l'e | saβə̑rnaltə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rnaltə̑nat ə̑l'e | saβə̑rnaltə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rnaltə̑n ə̑l'e | saβə̑rnaltə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑nna ə̑l'e | saβə̑rnaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑nda ə̑l'e | saβə̑rnaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | saβə̑rnaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑rnaltə̑nam ulmaš | saβə̑rnaltə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rnaltə̑nat ulmaš | saβə̑rnaltə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rnaltə̑n ulmaš | saβə̑rnaltə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑nna ulmaš | saβə̑rnaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑nda ulmaš | saβə̑rnaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑nə̑t ulmaš | saβə̑rnaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rnalt | it saβə̑rnalt |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rnaltše | ə̑nže saβə̑rnalt |
| 1PL: | (saβə̑rnaltə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na saβə̑rnalt) |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rnaltsa | ida saβə̑rnalt |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rnaltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št saβə̑rnalt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑rnaltnem | ə̑nem saβə̑rnalt |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rnaltnet | ə̑net saβə̑rnalt |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rnaltneže | ə̑než saβə̑rnalt |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rnaltnena | ə̑nena saβə̑rnalt |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rnaltneda | ə̑neda saβə̑rnalt |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rnaltnešt | ə̑nešt saβə̑rnalt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑rnaltnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem saβə̑rnalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rnaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net saβə̑rnalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rnaltneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než saβə̑rnalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rnaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena saβə̑rnalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rnaltneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda saβə̑rnalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rnaltnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt saβə̑rnalt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rnaltnet ulmaš | ə̑net saβə̑rnalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rnaltneže ulmaš | ə̑než saβə̑rnalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rnaltneda ulmaš | ə̑neda saβə̑rnalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rnaltnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt saβə̑rnalt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | saβə̑rnaltaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | saβə̑rnaltman |
| Active participle: | saβə̑rnaltše |
| Passive participle: | saβə̑rnaltme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | saβə̑rnaltšaš |
| Negative participle: | saβə̑rnaltdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | saβə̑rnaltə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | saβə̑rnaltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | saβə̑rnaltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | saβə̑rnaltmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | saβə̑rnaltšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | saβə̑rnaltmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | saβə̑rnaltdə̑maš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||